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ABCs in Diabetes
“Heart disease is taking a huge toll on people with diabetes, and most people living with diabetes do not realise it.”
“If you have diabetes, you are likely to have other health problems such as high blood pressure and cholesterol that contribute to an increased risk for heart disease and stroke. By managing blood pressure and cholesterol, along with blood glucose, people with diabetes can protect their hearts and reduce their chances for long-term health problems.”
Thus, in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, effort must also be directed to control of blood pressure and cholesterol.
In short, in the treatment of diabetes; remember this – ABCs in Diabetes.
- A means Hb A1c (for blood glucose control),
- B for Blood Pressure and
- C for Cholesterol.
Treatment Goals for the ABCs of Diabetes
| A1C |
< 7 % (measured as Hb A1C)
Preprandial plasma glucose 90 – 130 mg/dl
Peak postprandial plasma glucose < 180 mg/dl
(usually 1 to 2 hr after the start of a meal)
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Blood pressure
(mmHg) |
Systolic / Diastolic
< 130 / < 80
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Cholesterol – Lipid Profile
(mmol/l) |
LDL Cholesterol < 2.6
HDL Cholesterol Men > 1.1 Women > 1.2
Triglycerides < 1.7
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Individualise treatment goals. For example, consider:
- A1C goal as close to normal (< 6%) as possible without
significant hypoglycemia.
- Less stringent AIC goal for people with severe or frequent
hypoglycemia.
- Lower blood pressure goals for people with nephropathy (120/75 mmHg might be considered)
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